States and CMS are not allowed to impose which type of penalties?

The answer focuses on the nature of civil and criminal penalties and the limitations imposed on states and the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) regarding their enforcement. Civil and criminal penalties generally involve severe consequences such as fines or imprisonment, which are often governed by more stringent legal standards that require due process. These types of penalties are not typically within the regulatory scope of state authorities or CMS when it comes to administering programs like Medicaid.

In contrast, options like monetary fines, license revocation, and administrative sanctions fall under the jurisdiction of state and federal agencies. States and CMS have mechanisms in place to impose these penalties to ensure compliance with their regulations and standards. They may utilize administrative processes to address violations, which can include a range of consequences short of criminal charges, thus allowing them to enforce regulations effectively without resorting to the harsher measures associated with civil and criminal penalties.